Later conquests were protracted campaigns with less spectacular results than conquest of the Aztecs. From decades of research he made estimates for the pre-contact population and the history of demographic decline during the Spanish and post-Spanish periods. In the 18th century the additional Viceroyalty of New Granada 1717 (capital, Bogotá), and Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata 1776 (capital, Buenos Aires) were established from portions of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Let.leidenuniv.nl. During the 15th century, the Iberian Peninsula at the western end of the Mediterranean Sea became the focal point of European efforts to reach the riches of Asia by a sea route, rather than depend on the dangerous, costly and time-consuming ancient trade routes through the Middle East. 1 Exploration. In the early 19th century, the Spanish American wars of independence resulted in the emancipation of most Spanish colonies in the Americas, except for Cuba and Puerto Rico, which were finally given up in 1898, following the Spanish-American War, together with Guam and the Philippines in the Pacific. History: Spanish Colonization of the Americas and Spanish Conquest 1021 Words | 5 Pages. Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2010, History of indigenous peoples of the Americas. Spanish Conquest of the Americas Movies by Alybran | created - 27 Nov 2013 | updated - 31 Jan 2014 | Public Refine See titles to watch instantly, titles you haven't rated, etc Before the arrival of Columbus, in Hispaniola the indigenous Taíno pre-contact population of several hundred thousand declined to sixty thousand by 1509. Three goals of the Spanish colonization in the Americas were the spread of Catholicism, the increase of wealth, and the expansion of the Spanish empire. Comparing European and Native American cultures. In 1810 Mexico declared independence, with the Mexican War of Independence following for over a decade. Spanish Colonization of the Americas. Menu. In the years after Columbus's first voyage, Spanish adventurers known as conquistadores began to colonize the surrounding areas of the Caribbean and the Americas. McFarland & Company. This evolved from the Council of the Indies and Viceroyalties into an Intendantsystem, raise more revenue and promote greater efficiency . Colonize the east primarily ; Also the Canaries and Madeiras ; Sugarcane plantation economy ; African Slave Trade ; Later taken over by the Spanish ; 5 Three Commonalities Between All Nations . One of the greatest lasting effects of Spanish incursion into Latin America was the devastating loss of indigenous populations. Cline, and Javier Pescador. The Spanish dream of finding great riches in the Americas was first realized when Hernán Cortés conquered the Aztec Empire in Mexico in 1519–21. Though the Spanish did not force their language to the extent they did their religion, some indigenous languages of the Americas evolved into replacement with Spanish. This page was last changed on 18 April 2020, at 11:54. google_ad_slot = "6416241264"; Puerto Rico continues to be a possession of the United States, now officially continues as a self-governing unincorporated territory. 3.1 The Caribbean: First settlements in America; 3.2 Mexico; 3.3 Peru; 3.4 Río de la Plata and Paraguay; 4 Governing; 5 19th century. All of the colonies, except Cuba and Puerto Rico, attained independence by the 1820s. Spanish colonization of the Americas. Funding for USA.gov and content contributors is made possible from the U.S. Congress, E-Government Act of 2002. 1492 - Christopher Columbus lands in Hispaniola while searching for a quicker route to India. //-->. Noté /5. He was driven from his home by the thousands, starved, beaten, raped, and murdered with impunity. The Catholic Monarchs Isabella of Castile, Queen of Castile and her husband King Ferdinand, King of Aragon, pursued a policy of joint rule of their kingdoms and creating a Spanish monarchy. Spain's loss of these last territories politically ended the Spanish colonization in the Americas. Spain became rich by stealing the wealth of the American colonies . In the following years the conquistadors and indigenous allies extended control over the greater Andes region. The Spanish conquistadores and colonial empire. The U.S. took occupation of Cuba, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico. This was the first part of the European colonization of the Americas. Spanish Colonization: Previous: Next: Digital History ID 3573 . "John Francis Bannon and the Historiography of the Spanish Borderlands: Retrospect and Prospect. In 1809 the first declarations of independence from Spanish rule occurred in the Viceroyalty of New Granada.